The Ottoman Rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Ottoman rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina began in the mid-15th century and lasted for over four centuries, profoundly shaping the region's cultural, social, and political landscape. The Ottomans first set their sights on Bosnia during their expansion into the Balkans as they sought to consolidate power and outmaneuver European adversaries such as the Hungarian Kingdom. By 1463, Sultan Mehmed II successfully captured Bosnia, establishing firm Ottoman rule. Herzegovina followed in 1482. This marked the beginning of a new era characterized by major shifts in governance, society, and religious demographics. The Ottoman administration integrated Bosnia and Herzegovina into its vast empire by organizing it as an eyalet, or province, governed under Islamic law (Sharia) while incorporating local customs where feasible. The Ottomans implemented a hierarchical system known as the millet system, which allowed non-Muslim communities—such as Christians and Jews—to maintain a degree of religi